Kev sib raug zoo ntawm Proteins, Peptides, thiab Amino Acids
Proteins: Kev ua haujlwm macromolecules tsim los ntawm ib lossis ntau dua polypeptide chains folding rau hauv cov qauv peb-dimensional los ntawm helices, nplooj ntawv, thiab lwm yam.
Polypeptide Chains: Cov saw zoo li cov molecules muaj ob lossis ntau dua amino acids txuas los ntawm peptide bonds.
Amino Acids: Lub hauv paus tsev thaiv cov proteins; Ntau tshaj 20 hom muaj nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov proteins yog tsim los ntawm polypeptide chains, uas nyob rau hauv lem yog tsim los ntawm cov amino acids.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm Protein digestion thiab nqus nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj
Kev kho qhov ncauj ua ntej: Zaub mov yog lub cev tawg los ntawm kev zom hauv lub qhov ncauj, ua rau thaj chaw saum npoo rau kev zom zaub mov. Raws li lub qhov ncauj tsis muaj cov enzymes digestive, cov kauj ruam no suav hais tias yog kev zom zaub mov.
Preliminary Breakdown hauv plab:
Tom qab cov proteins fragmented nkag mus rau hauv lub plab, gastric acid denatures lawv, exposing peptide bonds. Pepsin ces enzymatically lov cov proteins rau hauv loj molecular polypeptides, uas tom qab nkag mus rau hauv cov hnyuv.
Kev zom zaub mov hauv plab hnyuv: trypsin thiab chymotrypsin hauv cov hnyuv me ntxiv zom cov polypeptides rau hauv me me peptides (dipeptides lossis tripeptides) thiab amino acids. Cov no yog tom qab ntawd absorbed rau hauv cov hnyuv hlwb ntawm cov amino acid thauj systems los yog me me peptide thauj system.
Nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj tsiaj, ob qho tib si protein-chelated kab kawm thiab me me peptide-chelated kab kawm txhim kho cov bioavailability ntawm kab kawm los ntawm chelation, tab sis lawv txawv heev nyob rau hauv lawv cov mechanisms nqus, stability, thiab siv scenarios. Cov hauv qab no muab kev sib piv los ntawm plaub yam: kev nqus mechanism, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv, cov teebmeem ntawm daim ntawv thov, thiab cov xwm txheej tsim nyog
1. Absorption Mechanism:
| Sib piv Indicator | Protein-chelated Trace Elements | Me Peptide-chelated Trace Elements |
|---|---|---|
| Txhais | Chelates siv macromolecular proteins (piv txwv li, hydrolyzed cog protein, whey protein) ua cov nqa khoom. Hlau ions (piv txwv li, Fe²⁺, Zn²⁺) tsim kev sib koom tes nrog cov carboxyl (-COOH) thiab amino (-NH₂) pawg ntawm cov amino acid residues. | Siv cov peptides me me (muaj 2-3 amino acids) ua cov cab kuj. Hlau ions tsim ntau ruaj khov tsib los yog rau-tus tswv cuab lub nplhaib chelates nrog cov amino pawg, carboxyl pawg, thiab sab saw pawg. |
| Txoj Kev Absorption | Yuav tsum tau tawg los ntawm proteases (xws li, trypsin) nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv mus rau hauv me me peptides los yog amino acids, tso cov chelated hlau ions. Cov ions no ces nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm passive diffusion los yog active thauj los ntawm ion raws (xws li, DMT1, ZIP / ZnT transporters) ntawm plab hnyuv epithelial hlwb. | Nws tuaj yeem nqus tau raws li qhov tsis zoo chelates ncaj qha los ntawm peptide transporter (PepT1) ntawm txoj hnyuv epithelial hlwb. Nyob rau hauv lub cell, hlau ions raug tso tawm los ntawm intracellular enzymes. |
| Kev txwv | Yog hais tias cov kev ua ntawm digestive enzymes tsis txaus (piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj hluas los yog nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab), kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov protein puas yog tsawg. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntxov ntxov ntawm cov qauv chelate, tso cai rau cov hlau ions los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev noj zaub mov zoo li phytate, txo kev siv. | Bypasses txoj hnyuv sib tw inhibition (piv txwv li, los ntawm phytic acid), thiab nqus tau tsis cia siab rau kev zom zaub mov enzyme. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov tsiaj hluas uas tsis paub qab hau digestive systems lossis cov tsiaj muaj mob / tsis muaj zog. |
2. Cov yam ntxwv thiab kev ruaj ntseg:
| Yam ntxwv | Protein-chelated Trace Elements | Me Peptide-chelated Trace Elements |
|---|---|---|
| Molecular Luj | Loj (5,000 ~ 20,000 Da) | Me me (200 ~ 500 Da) |
| Chelate Bond Strength | Ntau qhov kev sib koom tes sib koom ua ke, tab sis kev sib txuam molecular ua rau muaj kev ruaj ntseg feem ntau. | Yooj yim luv luv peptide conformation tso cai rau kev tsim cov nplhaib ruaj khov dua. |
| Muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam | Muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm gastric acid thiab hloov pauv hauv plab hnyuv pH. | Muaj zog acid thiab alkali tsis kam; siab dua stability nyob rau hauv txoj hnyuv ib puag ncig. |
3. Daim ntawv thov cuam tshuam:
| Qhov taw qhia | Protein Chelates | Me Peptide Chelates |
|---|---|---|
| Bioavailability | Nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm digestive enzyme. Siv tau zoo rau cov tsiaj laus noj qab haus huv, tab sis kev ua tau zoo txo qis hauv cov tsiaj hluas lossis cov tsiaj ntxhov siab. | Vim txoj kev nqus ncaj qha thiab cov qauv ruaj khov, cov kab mob bioavailability yog 10% ~ 30% siab dua li cov protein chelates. |
| Functional Extensibility | Kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog, feem ntau ua haujlwm raws li cov khoom thauj khoom. | Cov peptides me me lawv tus kheej muaj cov haujlwm zoo li kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev ua haujlwm antioxidant, muab cov txiaj ntsig muaj zog nrog cov kab mob (xws li Selenomethionine peptide muab ob qho tib si selenium supplementation thiab antioxidant zog). |
4. Tsim nyog Scenarios thiab Economic kev txiav txim siab:
| Qhov taw qhia | Protein-chelated Trace Elements | Me Peptide-chelated Trace Elements |
|---|---|---|
| Tsiaj tsim nyog | Cov tsiaj laus noj qab nyob zoo (piv txwv li, ua tiav npua, nteg qe) | Cov tub ntxhais hluas cov tsiaj, cov tsiaj nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab, cov tsiaj muaj kuab heev |
| Nqi | Tsawg (cov ntaub ntawv nyoos yooj yim muaj, txheej txheem yooj yim) | Siab dua (tus nqi siab ntawm me me peptide synthesis thiab purification) |
| Environmental Impact | Cov khoom uas tsis tau nqus tau tuaj yeem raug tso tawm hauv cov quav, uas ua rau muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig. | Kev siv tus nqi siab, txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua qias tuaj ib puag ncig. |
Cov ntsiab lus:
(1) Rau cov tsiaj uas muaj cov kab mob siab thiab cov plab zom mov tsis muaj zog (xws li piglets, me me, cw larvae), los yog cov tsiaj uas yuav tsum tau kho qhov tsis txaus, me me peptide chelates raug pom zoo ua qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb.
(2) Rau cov nqi-sensitive pab pawg nrog ib txwm digestive muaj nuj nqi (xws li, tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib nyob rau hauv lub lig finishing theem), protein-chelated kab kawm yuav raug xaiv.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-14-2025
