I. Keeb Kwm ntawm Daim Ntawv Thov
Calcium 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butyrate (HMTBa-Ca) yog cov ntsev calcium uas yog cov methionine hydroxy analogue (lub npe tshuaj: Calcium bis(2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)butyrate)). Nws tsis muab cov amino uas muaj nitrogen ncaj qha tab sis muab cov methionine carbon skeleton ua cov hydroxy analogue. Nws hloov pauv hauv lub cev kom tsim cov L-methionine uas muaj sia nyob, uas koom nrog kev tsim cov protein thiab ntau yam txheej txheem metabolic.
Methionine yog ib qho ntawm cov amino acids uas feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj txhu thiab nqaij qaib pub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas tsis muaj txaus hauv cov khoom noj uas ua los ntawm pob kws thiab taum pauv. Txhawm rau kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tsiaj txhu rau methionine, DL-methionine tau raug ntxiv rau hauv cov khoom noj. Txawm li cas los xij, methionine hydroxy analogues thiab lawv cov ntsev calcium maj mam tau txais kev saib xyuas ua cov khoom siv methionine tshiab. Piv rau DL-methionine, HMTBa-Ca muaj kev ruaj khov thermal zoo dua thiab kev hloov pauv tau zoo dua, ua rau nws zoo dua rau kev khaws cia cov as-ham thaum lub sijhawm pub pelleting thiab kev ua haujlwm kub siab.
Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb Khoom Noj Hauv Tebchaws Europe (EFSA) tau ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas txog kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm HMTBa thiab nws cov ntsev calcium, uas lees paub tias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb ua cov khoom noj ntxiv rau txhua hom tsiaj. Nws tsis tso cov khoom seem hauv cov nqaij tsiaj lossis cov khoom lag luam thiab tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo loj rau ib puag ncig, muab kev txhawb nqa rau nws daim ntawv thov hauv kev noj haus tsiaj.
II. Cov teebmeem ntawm daim ntawv thov
Muaj ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias HMTBa-Ca, ua ib qho chaw methionine, tuaj yeem txhim kho kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsiaj txhu thiab kev siv cov as-ham kom zoo. Hauv npua, nqaij qaib, thiab cov tsiaj hauv dej, kev ntxiv HMTBa-Ca tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo txhua hnub, piv rau kev hloov pauv zaub mov, thiab kev siv nitrogen thaum txo cov nitrogen tawm. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov zaub mov uas muaj protein tsawg lossis cov amino acid uas tau tsim tshwj xeeb.
Hauv cov qaib, kev ntxiv HMTBa-Ca tsis yog tsuas yog pab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo xwb tab sis kuj txhim kho lub peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob, kev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm txoj hnyuv. Hauv cov qaib tso qe, nws daim ntawv thov kom raug pab tswj kev tso qe thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm qe. Hauv cov tsiaj hauv dej, thaum qhov sib piv ntawm cov khoom xyaw protein los ntawm cov nroj tsuag nce ntxiv, qhov tsis txaus methionine yuav pom tseeb dua. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias HMTBa-Ca tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua qhov chaw pabcuam zoo, txhim kho kev loj hlob thiab kev tso cov protein hauv lub cev.
Ua ib qho methionine precursor, HMTBa-Ca tuaj yeem txhawb kev siv cov amino acids tseem ceeb thiab kev tsim cov protein hauv lub cev thiab txhim kho cov qauv ntawm lub cev los ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem metabolic. Txawm hais tias nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub cev feem ntau qis dua li ntawm DL-methionine, nws tseem qhia tau tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntau yam tsiaj txhu. Hauv kev siv tiag tiag, cov qib kev noj haus kom tsim nyog tuaj yeem tsim tau los ntawm kev siv cov yam ntxwv hloov pauv.
III. Txoj Kev Ua Haujlwm
Lub tshuab ua haujlwm ntawm HMTBa-Ca feem ntau yog nws lub luag haujlwm ua tus thawj coj methionine uas koom nrog kev ua haujlwm sab hauv. HMTBa-Ca raug hloov mus ua L-methionine hauv txoj hnyuv zom zaub mov los ntawm kev ua haujlwm enzymatic thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob me me. Tom qab ntawd nws koom nrog kev tsim cov protein, kev ua haujlwm ib-carbon, thiab kev tswj hwm cov kab mob antioxidant (xws li glutathione synthesis), ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm amino acid thiab txhim kho kev siv cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo.
Piv rau DL-methionine, txoj kev nqus thiab txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm HMTBa-Ca txawv me ntsis. Nws cov qauv hydroxy analogue muab qib kev ruaj khov ntxiv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhia txog qee yam ntxwv ntawm rumen bypass hauv cov tsiaj ruminants, uas pab ua kom muaj methionine ntau ntxiv rau hauv txoj hnyuv me.
IV. Cov Hom Tsiaj Tseem Ceeb
1. Npua (Cov menyuam npua uas tsis tau noj mis, cov npua uas loj hlob tiav lawm)
Hauv kev noj zaub mov npua, methionine yog ib qho ntawm cov amino acids uas txwv tsis pub noj. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias kev ntxiv HMTBa-Ca hauv cov zaub mov uas muaj protein tsawg lossis amino acid sib npaug tuaj yeem txhim kho kev siv nitrogen, txhawb kev tso cov protein, thiab txo cov nitrogen tawm. Piv rau DL-methionine ib txwm muaj, HMTBa-Ca tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau methionine thaum txhim kho kev siv amino acid zoo. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog tshwj xeeb rau kev tswj hwm kev noj haus thaum lub sijhawm ntxhov siab thiab hauv cov npua uas muaj cov nqaij ntshiv ntau.
2. Nqaij qaib (Cov qaib qaib, Cov qaib tso qe, Cov neeg yug tsiaj)
Hauv cov zaub mov qaib, HMTBa-Ca siv dav los hloov lossis ib feem hloov DL-methionine. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias nws cov kev ntxiv tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov nruab nrab txhua hnub ntawm cov qaib broiler thiab qhov piv ntawm kev hloov pauv zaub mov thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam zoo rau lub peev xwm antioxidant, cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm txoj hnyuv. Hauv cov qaib tso qe, kev ntxiv HMTBa-Ca kom zoo pab tswj kev tso qe, txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm qe, thiab koom nrog kev tswj cov protein thiab sulfur amino acid metabolism, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov qaib tsim khoom ntau.
3. Cov Tsiaj Txhu Hauv Dej (Ntses, Crustaceans)
Hauv cov zaub mov hauv dej, vim muaj cov khoom xyaw protein ntau ntxiv los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, qhov tsis txaus methionine tau pom tseeb dua. Ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias HMTBa-Ca tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua qhov chaw muaj methionine zoo hauv cov ntses (piv txwv li, ntses hiav txwv, ntses trout), txhim kho qhov kev loj hlob, kev siv cov khoom noj, thiab kev tso cov protein hauv lub cev. Nws qhov kev ruaj khov thiab kev hloov pauv tau hauv cov chaw nyob hauv dej ua rau nws muaj peev xwm siv tau zoo hauv cov zaub mov hauv dej.
4. Cov tsiaj noj zaub (Nyuj mis, nyuj nyuj, yaj)
Tsis zoo li cov tsiaj uas tsis yog cov tsiaj uas noj zaub mov, methionine hauv cov tsiaj uas noj zaub mov feem ntau raug txwv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov kab mob hauv rumen, ua rau cov qauv methionine ntxiv zoo tseem ceeb heev. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias methionine hydroxy analogues (suav nrog lawv cov ntsev calcium) muaj qee yam kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj hauv rumen, tso cai rau qee qhov kev khiav tawm ntawm kev fermentation ntawm cov kab mob hauv rumen thiab hloov mus rau methionine siv tau hauv txoj hnyuv me, yog li ua rau muaj cov protein metabolizable ntau ntxiv.
V. Xaus Lus thiab Kev Cia Siab
Hauv kev xaus lus, HMTBa-Ca, ua ib qho khoom noj khoom haus methionine tshiab, qhia tau tias muaj peev xwm siv tau zoo hauv kev noj zaub mov tsiaj. Kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej yuav tsum tsom mus rau cov txheej txheem los txhim kho nws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub cev, txiav txim siab cov qib ntxiv rau ntau hom tsiaj thiab theem kev loj hlob, thiab tshawb nrhiav nws cov txiaj ntsig sib koom ua ke nrog lwm cov khoom noj khoom haus ntxiv. Qhov no yuav txhawb nqa nws cov kev siv ua haujlwm thiab ua tau zoo hauv cov txheej txheem pub tsiaj niaj hnub no.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ob Hlis-03-2026
